對ND鋼管一般斑點狀偏（piān）析的（de）成因分（fèn）析：根據試驗分析，結合nd鋼（gāng）管鍛造生產情況，在（zài）排除一般疏鬆（sōng）、氣體過飽和、鋼液純淨度太差等因素後，通（tōng）過金相及能譜分析，發現點偏處組織有（yǒu）別於基體組織，如（rú）晶（jīng）粒細化，硬度偏（piān）高(達（dá）310～340HV），組織也非珠光體正常組織（zhī），從而認為現有的點（diǎn）偏缺陷實質是受（shòu）合金成分偏析導（dǎo）致的組織偏析。
Analysis of the causes of the general speckle segregation of ND steel pipes: According to the experimental analysis and combined with the forging production of ND steel pipes, after excluding the factors such as general porosity, gas supersaturation and poor purity of molten steel, metallographic and energy spectrum analysis showed that the structure at the point deviation was different from the matrix structure, such as grain refinement, high hardness (310-340HV), and the structure was not normal pearlite structure. It is believed that the existing point segregation defect is essentially the segregation of the structure caused by the segregation of the alloy composition. 酸浸塔形分析：將帶點偏缺陷的nd鋼管改鍛成Φ210mm，取Φ210mm×200mm樣坯車削成4級等長台階（一級Φ150mm，二級Φ130mm，三級（jí）Φ110mm，四級Φ90mm），做酸浸塔形檢測，在鍛材Φ110mm、Φ90mm兩（liǎng）級台（tái）階上發現明（míng）顯的類似於墊片的縱向暗條，而Φ150mm，Φ130mm兩級台階上縱向暗條紋則不（bú）明顯。
Acid leaching tower shape analysis: the ND steel pipe with point deviation defect was forged into 210 mm, and the sample blank of 210 mm * 200 mm was turned into four equal-length steps (first 150 mm, second 130mm, third 110 mm, fourth 90 mm). The acid leaching tower shape detection was carried out. The vertical dark stripes similar to gaskets were found on the forged steel 110 mm and 90 mm steps, while the vertical dark stripes on the two steps of 150 mm and 90 mm were found. It is not obvious.
氣體（tǐ）檢（jiǎn）測：根據所收集的5爐鋼相關氣體的檢測（cè）數據發現，點偏的出（chū）現及級別與nd鋼（gāng）管中氣體含量並（bìng）無直接關係。
Gas Detection: According to the collected data of gas related to 5 stoves of steel, it is found that the occurrence and grade of point deviation is not directly related to the gas content in ND steel pipe.
金相分析（xī）：在酸洗過的低倍試樣上點偏缺（quē）陷密（mì）集部位切取金（jīn）相試樣進行高倍分析；對nd鋼管試樣進行拋光（guāng）、高倍輕腐蝕後觀察宏觀形貌；將試樣偏析部位標識後再次進行低倍酸浸重腐蝕試驗。上述（shù）金相分（fèn）析結（jié）果表明，偏（piān）析區組織類似於貝氏體組織，基體為（wéi）珠光體+鐵素體；掃描電鏡（jìng）下觀（guān）察，組織明顯存在不均勻，進一步放大倍數觀（guān）察，通（tōng）過對點偏缺陷位置處能譜分析，發現了以MnS為代表的夾雜物的偏聚。
Metallographic analysis: metallographic specimens were cut at the point defect-intensive part of pickled low-power specimens for high-power analysis; ND steel tube specimens were polished and observed after high-power light corrosion; the segregation parts of the specimens were marked and the heavy corrosion test of low-power acid leaching was carried out again. The metallographic analysis results show that the segregation zone is similar to bainite structure, and the matrix is pearlite + ferrite. The structure is obviously inhomogeneous under scanning electron microscopy, and further magnification observation. The segregation of inclusions represented by MnS is found by energy spectrum analysis at the locations of the point deviation defect.
結合上述分析結果，排除了點偏為一般疏鬆誤判的可能，也排除了由於氣體過飽（bǎo）和所引起的nd鋼管點狀偏析的可能，還排除了鋼液純淨度太（tài）差，夾雜（zá）物偏聚所致形成（chéng）點狀偏析的可能。
Combined with the above analysis results, the possibility of misjudgement of point deviation for general looseness is excluded, the possibility of point segregation for ND steel tube caused by gas supersaturation is also excluded, and the possibility of point segregation caused by poor purity of molten steel and inclusion segregation is also excluded.
